What Are Network Patch Panels

Writen by Dean Novosat

Patch panels are used as the central point in a network where all the network cables terminate. It is the grand central station of the network. Networks that use patch panels (and almost all modern networks use this technology) are consider "star-networks" or they use the term "star-topology." This is because if you look at a drawing of your network, all the network nodes (nodes are end-points on the network and include things like computers and printer) all connect back to the central "hub" and it looks like a big starburst. Another term is "spoke-and-wheel" where the "wheel" is your hub and patch panel and the individual cables going out to your nodes (computers and printers) become the spokes.

Patch panels come in various types and configurations from the simple wall- mounted 12-port patch panel block, to elaborate 96-port (and more!) rack- mounted patch panel. As was mentioned above, patch panels are rated for speed. So if you are running Cat 6 cable, you will need a Cat 6 patch panel.

Patch panels come in various designs and styles. There are patch where the cables plug-in straight (90°), or angled at a 45° angle downwards; there are panels with 110 style punch downs on the back and ones with tool-less punch downs; there are various number of ports on the patch panels. Check the internet for the vast array of patch panel styles available. There are also two different standards for patch panels: T568A and T568B mentioned above. Be sure to buy the correct patch panels for the installation!

It is best to buy patch panels that are rated for both standards. Since the only difference between the two standards is the order of the colored pairs, most manufacturers rate their patch panels for both standards. They simply have both wiring diagrams affixed to their patch panels.

Dean Novosat is computer expert and network engineer. He is the author of including "How to Wire Networks for Profit." He has several websites including http://www.YourOwnNetwork.com and http://www.sageadviceltd.com.

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Computer Cables

Writen by Elizabeth Morgan

Computer cables can be data cables used to move data between various components such as keyboard, CPU, monitor, printer, scanner and other multimedia systems. These cables enable high-speed data transfers within the input and output components of the computer.

A computer uses different kinds of cable to operate. It needs an AC power cable, a high-speed serial bus connector, an USB cable, a digital video cable, and a modem connector cable. A new PC comes packed with all these cables. These cables are also sold as a single commodity and are readily available in the market.

All types of cables used in a computer have different purposes. The ac power cable is just an insulated conductor and gives power to the PC. The high-speed serial bus connector is a data cable used to transfer bits and bytes from the input devices to the output devices. USB cables are used to transfer data from other sources such as digital cameras, video recorders, mobile phones, mp3 devices etc. the digital video cable is used to transfer high resolution video contents from the computer to a TV. Modem connector cables are used to link the PC with Internet service providers for accessing the Web.

Earlier computer cables had far less speed and connectivity. With improvements in technology, the quality of cables has improved. Still all these cables occupy a lot of space and need to be replaced when needed. Accessories such as cables are expensive and should be maintained properly.

Computer cables are an important component of any desktop PC. The boom in Internet technology has increased the demand for PCs and in turn, the demand for cables. However, an increasing number of people today have started using laptops and mobile phones to access the Internet. These devices need fewer cables. The popularity of these devices is growing, as they are more handy and manageable.

Cables provides detailed information on Network Cables, Cables, Computer Cables, USB Cables and more. Cables is affiliated with Cable Modem Reviews.

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Inkjet Cartridges

Writen by Richard Romando

A contraption that contains or encases the ink, an inkjet cartridge comes in different combinations. With the proliferation of models of inkjet printers from various manufacturers, inkjet cartridges also come as separate black and color cartridges, black and color ink in one cartridge, and ink tanks for every ink color. An ink tank of several inkjet printers houses the control circuitry, which decodes the information transmitted from the computer to the printer, and the print head, wherein the nozzles are located.

Only a handful of companies supply printers with a built-in print head. The print head of some inkjet printer models are already incorporated and fixed inside the printer itself. The good thing about this is that a user need not replace the print head every time the ink runs out. On the other hand, the entire printer should be replaced or repaired once the print head itself is damaged.

By and large, a print head is connected to detachable and replaceable ink tanks. Most models of up-to-date inkjet printers are designed with this kind of setting. Unlike in a printer with a fixed print head design—wherein the entire printer has to be replaced if broken—this inkjet technology is not as costly since a user can just purchase a new cartridge if the print head breaks down. However, when the inkjet cartridge frays or runs out of ink, the whole cartridge should be replaced. A brand-name inkjet cartridge costs more than a laser cartridge, which makes inkjet printers costly and difficult to maintain and operate. However, cost-conscious consumers today have opted for compatible standard inkjet cartridges or make use of refill kits. These cheaper alternative ink tanks and refill sets or remanufacturing services appeal to economical computer-users but not to selected printer makers.

Inkjets provides detailed information on Inkjets, Inkjet Cartridges, Inkjet Printers, Color Inkjets and more. Inkjets is affiliated with Inkjet Printer Cartridges.

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Guide To Choose Cheap Computer Monitors

Writen by David Au

Your monitor is the single most expensive component in your pc system. This means that a lot of money can be saved if you make the right decision and choose the right cheap computer monitor. There's a lot more to computer monitors than just the size of the screen. Read on to find out what to look for when choosing cheap computer monitors.

The features of a computer monitor: A computer monitor is like a high quality TV set. The difference is that with a computer monitor you sit very close and try to make out fine details such as words.

This means that a computer monitor must have very fine definition and an image that is nice and stable on the screen so you do not get eye-strain. You will spend a great deal of time staring at a computer monitor so it is important that you get one that suits you perfectly.

When you are looking for cheap computer monitors you will be given different specifications. These numbers can be confusing so let us look at what the specifications mean when you are sitting in front of your monitor.

Resolution: This is the number of pixels on the screen. Say your screen is set to 1024 by 768 it means that there are 1024 along the top of the screen. This means that if you had a picture that was 1000 pixels wide you could see the whole picture without zooming out and losing details.

Monitors will be described as having a maximum resolution. This will be the highest setting possible. Usually the monitor will have an optimum setting slightly below this resolution.

High resolutions are great if you want to look at graphics because more of the picture will fit on the screen at once. However if you are looking at text a letter 5 pixels high will get smaller and smaller as the resolution increases. This means that if you are only going to surf the net and do email then you will be wasting money and straining your eyes with a high resolution monitor.

All new 15 inch monitors will do 1024 by 768. If you are looking for a cheap computer monitor then get one capable of this resolution.

If things are too small then you can always lower the resolution to 800 by 600. You may also be able to raise the resolution but doing this will lower the vertical refresh rate. Read on to find out why you must spend more to get a monitor to run high resolutions.

Vertical Refresh Rate: This is a very important specification. The speed that a monitor draws an entire screen, called the "vertical refresh rate" or "frequency," is measured in hertz (Hz).

To prevent eye-strain you want your monitor to be running the current resolution at around 85Hz. This will make the image stable. At lower refresh rates the screen will flicker and you may not notice it at first but you will notice the splitting headache you get after about an hour of use at a low refresh rate.

The vertical refresh rate dcreases as the resolution increases. In the monitor manual look for the resolution that has 85 vHz next to it. This will be the optimum resolution for the monitor. Setting the monitor any higher will damage both your eyes and your monitor over time.

Monitor size: This is easy to understand. Bigger monitors make the picture bigger so that you can have higher resolutions without text getting too small. This makes less work for your eyes. Buy as big as you can afford. Currently 17 inch monitors are great value. If your interested in having a look at some great prices for computer monitors then click the ad on both the right and left sidebar to find out the monitors that match your need.

Dot Pitch: In trying to evaluate a monitor's quality, most people will usually talk about dot pitch. In general, the lower the dot pitch (measured in millimeters), the better the monitor. The problem is that dot pitch can be measured in many different ways, and therefore doesn't necessarily mean much.

A low dot pitch will make text crisp but as I said there is no standard measurement to compare. Usually spending more money will increase the monitor quality.

I found the best way to ensure that a monitor has a nice crisp image is to buy a good brand. I found an excellent deal on Viewsonic 17" monitors. Viewsonic is a trustworthy brand.

Choosing cheap computer monitors should take time. There are some excellent bargains out there at the moment. Remember if you don't have a huge demand for a high resolution monitor then get a 15 inch. It will still display sharp graphics at low resolutions and at these low resolutions things will be nice and big for your eyes.

I am David Au working part-time with my online business selling other people's stuff ... Selling * Computer Notebooks.... * Software and the *Ad Space for Google AdSense in my own websites http://www.clicksbucks.com/index.html and http://www.bestbuyguide.net/index.html

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Learn 5 Ways Of Saving And Protecting Your Hard Drive

Writen by Gary Hendricks

Soon your computer doesn't reboot properly, and you hear that ugly grinding sound that means all of your precious data has been wiped out. What did you to protect hard drive data? It's too late to think about it after the fact.

Here are 5 ways to save and protect your hard drive and ensure it can keep working when you switch to a new drive.

1. Backup Your Data

You've heard it many times before - the best way to protect hard drive data is to backup your data. There are many ways to backup your data. Copying personal files to another disk is one method, but it's time-consuming and manual. It's better to use an automated backup solution that can perform backups at scheduled intervals.

One such product is bundled with Windows XP Home and Professional editions. The file is called ntbackup.exe. It's automatically installed with Windows XP Pro. If you have Windows XP Home edition, you can locate the file in your Windows CD ROM in the valueaddmsftntbackup folder.

Then run ntbackup.msi to run the backup program. The backup program will backup your files to a backup file. Once you've made your backup, you need to know how to restore your files from your backup. You may need to reinstall Windows so keep your original installation discs handy.

If you want to avoid reinstalling Windows then consider making an image of your hard drive. Backup programs can make an image of your whole disk without the need to reinstall Windows.

2. Password Protection

Password protection and data encryption are one of the most basic ways that users can protect hard drive contents. To change your password in Windows just access your account from Control Panel -> User Accounts and then click change my password.

Now you want to encrypt your data, which will scramble it for everyone but you. Please note that encryption is available in Windows XP, but only for NTFS file systems. To encrypt a file or folder, right-click on it, go to Properties -> Advanced tab and check the box labeled Encrypt contents to secure.

No one else will be able to read this data but you. You can make encryption easier by creating a popup menu. Go into the Registry Editor and locate

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREMicrosoftWindows CurrentVersionExplorerAdvanced.

Select Edit -> New -> DWORD Value and name it EncryptionContextMenu.

Double-click this and enter 1 for the value. From this point on, you will be able to right-click any file or folder to bring up a popup menu with the options Encrypt or Decrypt.

3. Unleash the Windows Recovery Console

Imagine having your hard drive crash and not being able to boot up. Are you out of out luck? Not at all! Bundled with Windows XP is a powerful tool called the Windows Recovery Console. It allows you to repair file systems or folders so you can protect hard drive contents. Unfortunately by default the WRC is on a "leash"-it operates in a restricted or crippled mode on your computer. .

Lift the restrictions by opening the Local Security Settings editor in Windows (click Start -> Run -> secpol.msc). Go to Security Settings -> Local Policies -> Security Options and double-click on Recovery Console: Allow floppy copy and access to all drives and all folders. Check Enabled and Ok. That will set up you for full access. Should Windows ever crash, start the WRC and type set AllowAllPaths=True.

Start the WRC by putting your Windows XP CD into your computer and pressing 'R' upon reboot. Type your Administrator password. The command interpreter will appear. You can then run whatever commands you need or type help for a list of commands.

4. Make Room for Defrag

One way to save hard drive contents is to fine tune your defrag program. With defrag there are two files that will never defrag: your Master File Table and your swap file.

As the table of contents for your hard drive your Master File Table expands as you add more files. To protect hard drive MFTs you must allocate more space to them. Go into your Registry and locate the key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlFilesystem. Find the value NtfsMftZoneReservation and type 2, 3 or 4. These numbers indicate how much of the hard drive to allocate to the MFT: 25, 37.5 and 50 percent respectively.

To expand your swap file make sure you have 256MB of RAM and click on the System icon. Go to Advanced -> Performance Settings -> Advanced and click Change. Select the No Paging File in Virtual Memory box and click OK three times. Reboot and run disk defrag. Then go back to Virtual Memory box, select Custom and set the Initial Size and Maximum Size to the same value (2 to 4 times your RAM) and your swap file will not fragment.

5. Get Rid of Old Junk

The final way to save hard drive units is to get rid of that old junk in your computer. These are unused programs on your computer that tend to slow down your computer's operations. Uninstall them by going to Control Panel -> Add or Remove Programs.

Also you should invest in a good anti-spyware program as well. Spyware ads are those annoying popups that try to direct you to a merchant's site. These programs reside on your computer and consume precious resources-until you remove them with a spyware or adware busting program.

Another area on your computer that you should definitely check out is your Temp folder. This is the folder where Windows dumps files that it is only using on an interim basis. If these files are left over after they have been used they can slow your computer down as well. You'll find the Temp folder in C:Documents and Settings under your username. You can sort the files by their modified dates to determine which files you think are way too old and are safe to delete.

Conclusion

Computers, like any other piece of hardware, require routine maintenance and fine tuning to keep them running in optimal condition.

One of the most important components in a computer is a hard drive. In this article we looked at 5 ways to save and protect your hard drive. Most of the solutions presented here are commonsense solutions that require no technical expertise.

We've also included a tweaks that require some experience with the Registry editor but are not hard to implement. Using all of the solutions here on a regular basis will ensure that your hard drive will not go out before its time.

Gary Hendricks runs a hobby site on building computers. Visit his website at Build-Your-Own-Computers.com for tips and tricks on assembling a PC, as well as buying good computer components.

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Building Your Own Computer First Time Jitters

Writen by Michael Quarles

One statement I've made over and over in my writings, and every time I speak on the topic of computers, is that there are only 11 major parts in a PC. If you think you can connect just eleven items, then you can build your own.

Recently a gentleman who was interested in building a computer wrote to me. In his letter he said, "I opened up the side of my old machine just to see what it looked like in there. I wanted to get an idea of how complicated it was before I tried building one myself. There were cables going every which way. Are you sure there are only eleven items to connect?"

After a bit of questioning back and forth by email, we determined that my new friend had a very early Pentium that had served him well through the years. In the era of his computer, virtually every port on the back of the case had to connect to the motherboard by means of a ribbon cable. I was building computers back then, and it was a bit like wrestling a squid.

Now, all of those ports are hard-wired to the motherboard, as can be seen in my book "Building a PC for Beginners". There's no more trying to plug in everything in a three square inch area. The inside of a computer is much less congested, making the assembly process way simpler than it was.

Another great step to simplify things took place when case and motherboard manufacturers agreed on standardizing screw hole locations. Now you can be sure that the holes for the standoffs that support the motherboard will match with the holes in the case. At one time this wasn't so.

Michael Quarles is the publisher of Monkey See Monkey Do Books.

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Holy Moly What Are Mow1 Mow2 And Row

Writen by Torre DeVito

The definition of MOW1, MOW2, and ROW in relation to wireless cards may be a little elusive, because these are not protocols or standards, but rather an attempt to create a versatile card that can be used in a large part of the world. These strange appellations pretty much exist as part of wireless card listings in catalogs ads and brochures, as well as on many a website - usually with little or no explanation.

With so many governing and regulatory bodies, the world of wireless is one of ever changing landscapes. Since different countries around the world have different laws and regulations governing the use of wireless cards, manufacturers found it necessary to try to come up with some broad divisions of the cards by physical attributes that would limit the number of different card types. They were rather successful at this by coming up with three wireless card groups that could be used in three roughly contiguous parts of the world.

The three groups were named MOW1, MOW2, and ROW. MOW literally stands for "Most of the World" and is split up into two sets: MOW1 and MOW2. That left the "Rest of the World" and thus the third set of card types were designated ROW.

Cards manufactured for MOW1 could generally be used anywhere in the Americas without running into problems with local regulations. Similarly, MOW2 cards can generally be used in European, Middle Eastern, and African countries, and ROW cards can generally be used in Asian countries.

For more information please visit http://www.pagecandy.com

Torre DeVito is a writer of technical information, fiction, and poetry. His personal website is http://www.tdevito.com

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Lcd Monitor Vs Crt Measurements What You Should Know Before You Buy

Writen by Dan Dunkin

LCD monitors are not the same size as CRT monitors. LCD monitors are actually larger for the same sized CRT monitor! Monitor measurements are measured diagonally. Since the advent of the television, this has been the industry standard for screen measurements. When computer monitors hit the scene, the measurement became the diagonal measurement of the tube itself, not the actual viewable screen. When you look at your monitor, there is a plastic box that houses your CRT tube and other components, but when you look at the front of your monitor, there is probably an inch or more of framework around your picture tube. This hides the rest of the CRT tube that is enclosed within the box.

Now take a ruler or tape measure, and measure the actual image you are viewing, measure diagonally, and you will see that the actual measurement is smaller than the monitors claimed size. For example, my 19 inch CRT monitor, measuring the actual image from the bottom left hand corner of the picture to the upper right hand corner is actually 17.25 inches, or in other words, only .25 inches larger than 17 inches, if the monitor measurement were the actual viewing screen this 19 inch monitor would only qualify as a 17 inch LCD monitor. This is where the LCD measurement comes in.

LCD monitors are measured by actual viewable area of the screen. They do not have a large rounded out tube beyond the screen, it is a flat panel of Liquid Crystals behind which are a series of tube lights that shine through the color crystals to illuminate your display. A 17 inch LCD monitor is 17 inches diagonally, a 19 inch monitor is 19 inches diagonal or about 1.75 inches larger than my example of the CRT tube.

Another little known glich in monitor measurements is how the diagonal measurement of a widescreen monitor reduces the overall height of the monitor which in turn reduces the actual size of a standard 4:3 to a smaller size. Example: If you purchase a 32 inch widescreen TV and watch a standard broadcast movie in it's original format, you in essence are watching a 26 inch television. A more in depth look at how this measurement effects the full screen format, please read my Widescreen article.

My name is Dan Dunkin, I have been working on computers, building and upgrading as well as programming computers since the first tandy Color computer came out in 1980. Originally I programmed in QBasic, later I explored OS9 which was basically a Pascal based language, then with the technology increases into the pentium chips I finally merged this into the Visual Basic fields. My latest hobbies in electronics are dream shopping and finding answers to some of the seldom asked questions like monitor measurements, solid state hard drives, how to tweak and streamline computers to make them run more efficiently and more. Basically I am one who likes to ask the questions no one else thought to ask and finding the solutions to those questions. In dream shopping I've discovered where to find values for different types of electronics and like to share them with others through my website. Daily Sales Online

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Protecting Your Computer From Power Surges Data Loss Viruses And Spyware

Writen by Bonnie Archer

Protecting Against A Power Surge:

Your computer is an expensive investment; you should protect it from a power surge. If a sudden rush of electricity hits, a surge protector will blow the fuse or trip the breaker, this is what saves your computer. You should be sure to use a surge protector with a phone jack to keep the phone line from being a way for the electricity to travel to your computer. You should know that a surge protector cannot safeguard you form a direct lightning strike. If you completely unplug your computer and modem during a thunderstorm, this is the only sure way to protect your computer against lightning strikes.

How Do You Protect Your Computer From Loss Of Data?

If your hard disk crashes it can't take all of your important saved information and software with it if you have backed it up. To protect your computer data everything should be 'backed up' by saving it to a floppy disk or compact disc, this is your best safeguard against data loss. So, periodically you should make copies of the information on your hard disk.

Protecting Your Computer From Viruses and Spyware

You must also protect your computer, data, privacy, and information from viruses and spyware; every time you install a new program, copy files, and download from the Internet you are susceptible. These days it is a must to have a good, reliable virus protection program. Be sure to get one that will review each new file and check it for viruses. Also, you should be able to get regular updates via the Internet because there are always new viruses that you will need protection from on an ongoing basis.

About The Author

B. Archer is a successful author and publisher of http://www.A1-computers.net. A great source of information about computers and computer accessories.

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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Etching With Beamsteered Laser

Writen by Rick Stevenson

This year, over one-third of all material processing lasers will be installed for product or package marking applications. Since their introduction in the early-1970's, laser markers have evolved as an effective tool for manufacturers who require a combination of speed, permanence, and image flexibility not available from more traditional marking technologies.

Two marking system designs have emerged with notably different strengths and weaknesses. Careful consideration of these laser and imaging optics combinations can provide the optimum tool for a wide range of marking requirements. Process Fundamentals

Laser marking is a thermal process that employs a high-intensity beam of focused laser light to create a contrasting mark. The laser beam increases the surface temperature to induce either a color change in the material and/or displace material by vaporization to engrave the surface. Both marking system configurations utilize this principle of surface modification but differ in the method used to project the laser beam and create the marking image.

The beam-steered laser marker provides the greatest degree of image manipulation. To create the marking image, two beam-steering mirrors mounted on high-speed, computer-controlled galvanometers direct the laser beam across the target surface. Each galvanometer provides one axis of beam motion in the marking field. The beam projects through a multi-element, flat-field lens assembly after reflecting off the final steering mirror. The lens assembly focuses the laser light to achieve the highest power density possible on the work surface while maintaining the focused spot travel on a flat plane. The laser output is gated between marking strokes. This design offers the user the advantages of a computer generated marking image and utilization of the entire laser output for the highest marking power possible.

The mask or "stencil" marking system sacrifices image quality and versatility for significantly increased marking speed. The marking image is created by enlarging the laser beam, projecting it through a copper stencil of the desired image, and refocusing the beam on the target surface to "burn" the image into the material. A single pulse of the laser creates the entire image. If the alphanumeric characters must be altered part-to-part, (i.e., serialization, etc.), computer-controlled rotary stencil wheels index the characters. This technique is aesthetically limiting in that images exhibit a "stencil" appearance with breaks in the marking lines. Since the mask blocks a high percentage of the laser beam, marking power and resultant surface penetration is limited. Laser and Imaging Combinations

Beam-steered Nd:YAG

The combination of the Nd:YAG (Neodymium:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) laser and the beam-steered delivery optics marks the widest range of materials and provides the versatility of computer controlled image generation.

Nd:YAG lasers amplify light in the near-infrared at 1.06 mm. Metallic materials absorb a comparatively high percentage of the light in this region of the spectrum. In the pulsed mode, the Nd:YAG laser produces peak powers considerably higher than the normal continuous-wave output. A 90 watt CW Nd:YAG laser, pulsed at 1 kHz, will emit a train of pulses with peak powers of 110,000 watts. The Nd:YAG lasers ability to emulate an "optical capacitor" provides the power necessary to vaporize metallics and other materials. The high peak power will vaporize material up to 0.005 inches deep in a single pass or greater with multiple passes. The non-metallic materials normally associated with the far-infrared wavelength of the CO2 laser are usually highly reflective to the Nd:YAG. However, the high peak power of the Nd:YAG can often overcome the higher reflectivity. Some overlap does occur among many plastics that absorb both wavelengths equally well.

The beam-steered marker can duplicate virtually any vector graphic image including variable line widths and images as small as 0.010 inch or less. In addition, the computer can instantly change any graphic element or the entire marking program before a new part is positioned for marking. The Nd:YAG laser offers a greater range of adjustable process variables to achieve a specific material modification but at a correspondingly higher purchase price than the CO2 laser.

Beam-steered CO2

The continuous-wave CO2 laser can also be combined with the beam-steered delivery system. CO2 lasers emit a narrow bandwidth of light in the far infrared at 10.6 mm. This wavelength is most suitable for organic materials such as paper and other wood products, many plastics, removing thin layers of ink or paint from a substrate, and for marking ceramics. It does not produce high peak powers when pulsed.

Typically utilizing laser powers up to 50 watts, these systems combine the far infrared wavelength with the image control and flexibility of beam-steered image generation. Typical uses include serialization of ceramic and plastic products that require high-quality graphics such as company logos and/or significant amounts of additional alphanumeric text. The lower power CO2 marker does not provide the power to "engrave" substrates but, due to the comparative simplicity of design, can be purchased at a lower cost than the beam-steered Nd:YAG marker.

Mask CO2

Applications that require high speed but not high power and do not vary the marking image except for alphanumeric text (i.e., serialization, date code, etc.) utilize the mask CO2 marker. The CO2 laser is pulsed at rates of up to 1,200 pulses per minute. The high repetition rate provides marking of parts "on-the-fly" at high part-transfer speeds. Computer controlled masks can alter up to three lines of text at speeds of up to 720 parts per minute if the alphanumeric code must be changed.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Beam-steered Nd:YAG

The beam-steered Nd:YAG provides more marking power and far superior imaging than any other laser marker configuration. The available high peak power can mark or engrave a wide variety of materials including hardened metallics. Present computer technology produces highly intricate graphics with linewidths and accuracy's of less than 0.001 inch. Because "drawing" with the laser beam creates the image, the marking time is dependent on the amount of text and the complexity of any graphics. The Nd:YAG laser marker is the most costly of the three system configurations. The beam-steered Nd:YAG marker frequently replaces acid and electro-etch systems, stamping and punching systems, and those other marking systems which permanently mark products by imprinting or engraving. It also replaces ink jet and other color printing systems. Typical applications include marking pistons, bearings, valves, gears, and a multitude of other components in the automotive industry; heart pacemakers, replacement hip joints, and surgical tools in the medical industry; computer chassis, disk drives, and integrated circuits in the electronics industry; tool holders, drill bits, and cutting tools in the tool industry; and writing pens, nameplates, and golf club grips.

Beam-steered CO2

The acquisition and operating costs of the beam-steered CO2 marker are lower than the Nd:YAG marker due to the relative simplicity of the laser. Image generation is equal to that of the other beam-steered system while speed and depth of penetration are considerable lower due to the lower power of the CO2 laser. Although not as popular as the beam-steered Nd:YAG and mask CO2 markers, the beam-steered CO2 system is frequently used for marking general plastics and plastic and ceramic connectors and packages within the electronics industry.

Mask CO2

Although the mask CO2 does not offer the imaging capabilities of the beam-steered design, it is far superior in speed. Because a single pulse of the laser creates the entire image, throughput is typically limited only by the pulse rate of the laser and the transfer speed of the parts handling system. While the part must be stationary while marking with the beam-steered design, parts are marked in motion with mask systems. Depth of penetration is less than the beam-steered CO2 marker since the laser output is spread over a large area with correspondingly low power density.

Masked CO2 markers most frequently compete with ink-jet marking. The mask CO2 laser is often the marker of choice for sequenced coding, batch coding, open or closed date coding, and real-time coding of paper or cardboard, ink or paint coatings, glass, plastics, coated metals, and ceramics.

While the beam-steered design provides superior imaging and material penetration and the mask design provides superior speed, either system provides a better combination of speed, permanence, and imaging flexibility than other marking techniques. Many users also benefit from the non-contact nature of laser marking and the elimination of additive materials such as inks or paints.

The development of a successful marking application requires careful consideration of the laser output characteristics, the design of the optical beam delivery and image generation system, the properties of the target material, and the aesthetic and physical properties of the desired mark. Industrial laser marking systems provide prospective users with several system designs from which to choose to match the optimum marking performance with the users unique requirements.

Richard Stevenson is the Sales Director for Control Micro Systems, Inc. a manufacturer of beam-steered laser marking systems. He has published and presented numerous technical papers and articles on laser marking in trade publications. For information on Laser Etching, Welding, Engraving, Cutting, Etching or Marking call 407-679-9716 or email sales@cmslaser.com

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Ergonomic Products 101

Writen by Mansi Aggarwal

Human beings are scaling new heights day by day. Markets are becoming more and more complex and competitive. Companies launch new products, market them, but even then are not sure if their product will match the taste, need and pocket of the consumer. This is because numerous brands are associated with a single commodity. Some companies try to win the consumer's heart via a low price while a few others offer an impeccable quality at significantly good amount. But at the end of the day what matters to the consumer is how the products minimizes the labor, enhances the work and its durability. This article will shed light on some of the eminent and world's top quality products called 'Ergo Products'. There are a wide variety of ergo products. They range from keyboards, mice, armchairs to keyboard stickers, footrests, foot switches etc. The ergo products one amongst the largely used ones nowadays . The reason being their consumer friendly nature and their troubleshooting strategy.

1. The first and foremost widely used ergo product besides many others is the ergo keyboard. These keyboards come in different shapes, sizes and colors. For instance there are Ergo Flex Keyboards, Comfort Track 35 PM, Evolution Desktop, Pace Keyboard and so forth. These keyboards provide different advantages and come in varying but affordable price range.

The main and basic advantage of the ergo keyboards is that they are designed in such a fashion that they reduce the threat of various problems that may afflict those who work on online for hours together. They are made keeping in mind the excess strain on user's arms and hands while working. Quite often the extra exertion results in chronic disorders such as tennis elbow, tendinits and the like. These disorders are mainly read under the name of CTDs i.e. cumulative trauma disorders. It is not just the posture of the hands that is distorted but also the entire body that gets uncomfortable due to it.

So, the ergo keyboards are mainly concerned with safeguarding you against the musculoskeletal (MSD) ailments. The large list of ergo users have revealed that how these keyboards have enhanced their work proficiency and comfort. Their feather touch keys and other comforts make the work easy and stress free for the users.

2. Ergo products focus on the all round health of its users. This is made evident by the uniquely designed and convenient ergonomic chairs. Two most popular ergo chairs are the Salli Saddle Chair Classic and the Salli Saddle Chair Twin. Both these are at the same manageable price of $ 345. Some of the few of the many advantages of the ergonomic chairs are the –

* The height of these chairs can be adjusted according to that of the person seated on them. This enables the person to have the ground support even with a small height.

* The depth of seat can also be altered to allow shorter as well as taller people take the backrest support.

* The backrest height can also be adjusted as suitable to the user.

* There are facilities if accommodating the lumbar support to prevent the frequently occurring problem of flattening of lumbar spine.

* What more, even the height and width of the padded armrests can be modified to met the comfort of one's shoulders and upper arms.

3. Last but not the least are the super beneficial ergonomic mice. There are again different kinds of these. The Graphical Tablet, Quill Mouse, Zero Tension mouse and the Evoluent Vertical Mouse to name a few. The mice have the merit of giving total relax and minimum exertion to the user's palm, fingers and forearms. With these ergonomic mice you can bid goodbye to the aching palms and tired fingers. A simple touch or clicking the button will do maximum of your work and will save you from the trouble of rotating the mice here and pressurizing your forearm.

This is not all for the ergonomic products. There are many others that have not been mentioned and perhaps cannot be enumerated in a single go. A lot of information is available online regarding them. So waiting for what…go "ergo"..!

Mansi aggarwal writes about Ergonomic Products .

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Ram And Latency What You Need To Know

Writen by Nicholas Spriggs

No one likes a slow computer. Well, at least not anyone I know. People spend thousands of dollars on upgrades and cutting edge systems to use a faster computer. However, upgrading your computer is not the only way to have a quicker computing experience. For those looking to squeeze the last bit of performance out of their machines, there are many ways to optimize your system for speed.

Overclocking your CPU, tweaking your registry, and fine tuning the bios are some the most common ways to optimize your system. Another often overlooked method is reducing your RAM's latency.

RAM latency occurs when the CPU needs to retrieve information from memory. In order to receive information from RAM, the CPU sends out a request through the front side bus (FSB.) However, the CPU operates faster than the memory, so it must wait while the proper segment of memory is located and read, before the data can be sent back.

RAM latency is measured in wasted FSB clock cycles, since the data is transferred through the FSB. The bigger the latency number, the more FSB clock cycles it missed. The goal in reducing latency is to get the data back to the CPU in the least amount of FSB clock cycles possible.

The easiest way to reduce RAM latency is to increase the speed of the front side bus. This means that the FSB can send and receive data between the CPU and memory faster. However, this also overclocks the CPU, RAM, and possibly the AGP bus as well.

Overclocking your system will void your computer's warranties and could possibly damage and/or destroy your system, so only attempt it if you're willing to risk frying your computer. Adjusting your PC's FSB is usually performed through the BIOS or through jumpers on your motherboard, although not all motherboards support overclocking.

A safer method is to adjust your RAM's timings, although this can still potentially damage your system and usually only wields nominally performance gains. There's no simple way to say it, so I'll apologize in advance for spitting some tech jargon your way.

RAM timing are measured in CAS, RCD, RP, and RAS. CAS refers to the amount of clock cycles to reach the correct column of memory, RCD refers to the amount of cycles between RAS to CAS, RP refers to the amount of cycles needed to close a row and open the next row for reading, and RAS refers to the smallest number of clock cycles a row must be actively accessed. To simplify that explanation, remember that RAM timings are measured in FSB clock cycles, so the lower the number, the faster your system is.

For example, my RAM timings are 3-3-3-8 (CAS-RCD-RP-RAS.) To optimize my timings, I first tried lowering my CAS in my bios to 2.5 and rebooting. Windows booted just fine and everything worked correctly, so I then rebooted and went back into my bios and dropped my CAS down to 2, so now my timings were 2-3-3-8. Again, this setup seemed stable so I went in and tried reducing my RAS, since it was pretty high. This was the last stable tweak that I could do. When I tried to go below 2-3-3-7 in any timing my system either wouldn't boot or Windows would generate a mass amount of memory related areas.

I used 3dMark 2005 to get an idea of how much improvement my memory adjustments made, if any. Before tweaking my timings I posted a 2105 3dMark score, after the tweaking I scored 2114. Not much of difference, but when it comes to optimizing your system for speed, every last bit helps.

While reducing RAM latency may not have a huge impact on system performance, it can give it a little extra kick, which combined with other methods of optimization, can result in a much quicker PC. So until you're ready to buy a new computer, consider tuning up your current one to it's fullest potential.

Nicholas Spriggs at desktop-computer-guide.com is dedicated to providing up to date and accurate information in the computer and technology field. For more information subscribe to DCG Ezine, or check us out at desktop-computer-guide.com/computer-memory.html

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Computer Parts Online

Writen by Adrian Griffiths

In today's age, building computers on yourself is often chosen as the safest and choicest option by a sizeable part of the market for computers. There are various advantages and disadvantages for doing so.

When personal computers first entered the mass market, building a computer was an arduous and risky task. Getting the right computer parts was also difficult and without a guarantee. Putting the whole thing together was a risk because of the newness of the product as well as the absence of expert knowledge. But over the years, the market has understood the process of computer assembly and the heavy savings involved in making your own computer (you basically save on the branded company's professional service charge for putting the computer together for you).

Customers are able to find everything needed to build a computer on the Internet. If you want to assemble the whole system at one go, you can get a barebone computer system and keep adding on later. Using quality but cheap computer parts is the key trick behind assembling computers.

There are thousands of cheap computer parts on the web today. A quick check list of the main components you need to build your computer is –

• CPUs (Processors)
• Hard Drives
• Graphics Card
• Monitors
• CD / CD-RW / DVD ROMs
• Mouse and Keyboards (other Input Devices)
• Batteries
• Cables & Adapters
• Communications and Connectivity tools
• Cooling Products
• Computer Bags & Cases
• Firewire Products

Accessories
o Digital Cameras
o Flash Memory
o Gaming Hardware
o Ink & Toner
o Cellular Accessories
o Cleaning Kits & Supplies
o Notebook Accessories
o Headsets
o Media Storage

You can find any of almost all of these computer parts in Internet individually. Cheap computer parts are easy to find and pay for securely over Internet. There are also many sites and services that help you build these types of computers on a professional basis and get you started. These sites help you step-by-step through the process of building a good quality computer using cheap and high quality computer parts – often with illustrated instruction guides to show you how to put your new computer together.

Building your own high-quality but cheap computer with computer parts that are genuine and cheap are often considered a safe bet.

Adrian Griffiths - Computer Hardware UK, Cheap Computer Parts

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Wireless Computer Network Rentals The New Technology Trend

Writen by John Beagle

Consider the convenience and added benefits of renting today's wireless technology.

Wireless networks have a big advantage over wired networks, especially for short term projects where the internet and rental computers, printers and projectors are deployed.

Wireless networks are easier and faster to setup than wired networks. Wireless devices add flexibility and save time. With wireless you can move your laptops, projectors and printers around and still maintain connectivity. Best of all, you don't have to run cat5 wires to routers, computers, printers and switches.

Here are some of the wireless products that are commonly rented for company projects:

Wireless Router Rentals

A wireless router is a networking device that connects computers to the internet. With a router you can share an internet connection between multiple computers on the network. Note: The internet cable needs to be connected directly into the wireless router.

Rent Wireless Access Point (WAP)

A wireless access point is a networking device that allows wireless-equipped computers and other devices to communicate with a wired network. A WAP may also be used to expand the range of an existing wireless network.

Rent Wireless Adapters

A wireless adapter is a device that adds wireless network functionality to a computer or laptop. There are three types of wireless adapters. PCI Adapters are for desktop computers. As the name suggests, they can be installed in an available PCI slot. PCMCIA Adapters, also known as PC Cards, are for notebooks. Installation is as simple as pushing the card into an available PCMCIA slot. Lastly, there are USB Adapters. These adapters are compatible with desktop and notebook computers.

Rent Wireless Print Servers

A wireless print server connects a printer to the wireless network, allowing any computer on the network to wirelessly access the printer at any time.

Rent Wireless Projectors

A wireless projector allows a computer user to wirelessly connect and display the computer video on a screen. All you need is a wireless adapter in your computer or notebook and the software that comes with the projector. Today's advanced wireless projectors allow one computer to connect to multiple projectors AND multiple computers to connect to a single projector.

If you want to have a really impressive presentation, consider renting two or more wireless projectors. Bring your multimedia presentation to the next level by putting on multiple unique screens of your data and video presentation. For example: have animation on one screen and data on another!

Another benefit of wireless projectors is having the ability to have multiple presenters displaying their presentations right from their own wireless laptop or computer. Consider a corporate meeting with presentations from finance, operations, sales and marketing managers.

Wireless projectors are available from 1800 Lumen and 800x600 resolution to 3000 Lumen and 1024x768 resolution.

For more information on the current wireless projector rentals visit: Wireless Projector Rental Info

For more information on other products available for rent visit: Rentacomputer.com/ or Call 800-736-8772

John Beagle is a writer for Xponex Web and Media Services. For more infomation visit our website: Xponex.com/

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Is Your Wireless Network Secure

Writen by Travis Fisher

Organizations in our region have been steadily adopting wireless networking over the past few years, and many more businesses will take the leap to wireless over the course of 2006. By implementing a wireless network, your employees can do their job more efficiently and be more productive. For just about every business, there is an opportunity to use a wireless network to become more competitive in the marketplace.

Many businesses have installed wireless access points (WAPs) in order to realize various benefits, but my experience has shown that relatively few organizations understand the importance of properly securing their wireless network. If an attacker gains wireless access to your network, they are behind your firewall and there is very little protection available to you. It is not uncommon to find unsecured networks in our region, and I frequently see access points in use that are not up to today's security standards. When you add in the number of improperly configured WAPs, it becomes apparent that our region has a lot of room for improvement.

When evaluating your need for wireless security, you should ask yourself these four questions: How valuable is your data and how sensitive is it? What regulations are your company obligated to meet regarding data privacy? How much traffic passes by your office? Are there any potentially attractive targets near you? In many instances a company's wireless security policy is like failing to have a front door to your house. Anybody walking by can peek in to see your valuables, and easily walk in to take whatever they want.

I won't get into the technical aspects regarding how wireless networks can be attacked and the methods that can be employed to make them more secure, but I can offer an overview of the three wireless security standards and how they compare to each other to give you an idea of where you stand. Just compare the information present on the access point, its original box, or the manufacturer's web site to learn what your WAP is capable of.

The first security standard developed for WAPs is known as WEP (wired equivalent privacy). Older WAPs and less savvy network administrators will employ this method for protecting a wireless network. A pre-shared key is the best defense of WEP. Most people do not change the WEP key frequently which is like having the same password for all users on your network. WEP can be easily defeated by an inexperienced hacker using simple tools, making this a poor security choice. If your access point is more than two years old, it probably uses WEP and should be replaced immediately. Using the front door analogy, WEP is like locking your screen door, and giving every person who visits the house a key. People can easily peek inside, too many people have a key to open the lock, and an intruder could just cut a hole in the screen to unlock the door from the inside.

To address the problems inherent with WEP, the wireless industry developed a standard known as WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access). WPA requires the use of passphrases (long passwords), and a unique encryption key for each user that frequently changes. Other technological improvements were made to improve security, as well. WPA was designed to be backwards compatible with WEP access cards, giving administrators an affordable upgrade path to improved security. WPA is like installing a solid front door to your house, and using the lock on the doorknob. Intruders can't peek inside and it is more difficult for them to gain entry to your house.

WPA has not yet been hacked, but it's only a matter of time. To address this reality the wireless industry has just released the WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2) standard, sometimes referred to as 802.11i. WPA2 improves upon WPA by adding user authentication with a server and using stronger encryption. Windows XP just began supporting WPA2 in May. A properly configured WPA2 network satisfies US Government security standards, making them a necessity for regulated businesses in the medical and financial industries. WPA2 protection is like using the deadbolt of your door and an intercom to verify the visitor's identity before letting them inside.

If you are about to purchase a new access point, it should definitely support the WPA2 standard. If you must to use a WAP that utilizes WEP or WPA standards, there are still methods that will help you create a more secure network. Getting the most out of an inferior technology is sometimes better than failing to properly use a new one. For specific information on securing your network, give me a call and we can develop a security policy created to meet your individual needs.

Copyright 2006, Travis Fisher. All Worldwide Rights Reserved. {Attention Publishers: Live hyperlink in author resource box required for copyright compliance} Travis Fisher is executive Vice President of Inacom Information Systems in Salisbury, MD. Travis has helped Delmarva businesses deploy valuable, cost effective voice, data, and web solutions since 2000. Inacom is a Microsoft Gold Certified Partner, Cisco Systems SMB Select Partner, HP Business Partner, and Avaya Diamond Level Business Partner. For more information on Inacom, visit the Inacom Information Systems web site.

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Review 2gb Swiss Memory Usb Victorinox

Writen by G Mo

I've had Swiss Army knives on my keychain for years, it's come in handy on many occasions. Recently I always seem to have a USB flash drive in my pocket too. When I received the SWISS MEMORY USB Victorinox drive from Swissbit it was obvious that combining the two was actually a very good idea. The Victorinox is compact, easy to use and brings the usefulness of the Swiss Arm tools. The USB drive comes in a variety of sizes from 128MB to 2GB and is a plug-n-play (unless Win 98) device and price points range from $50USD to $225USD respectively.

The Victorinox is small and compact given what it's trying to accomplish. The unit looks and feels very sturdy and would handle plenty of pocket abuse, keychain banging and those occasional across the counter-top tosses. The Victorinox has a snapping clasp at one end which holds the flash memory in place. The clasp prevents the USB memory stick from popping out at an undesirable time and provides an aid in retrieving the USB connector when ready for use. The pivot end of the clasp can also be detached from the main chassis of the enclosure so the USB thumb drive can be disconnected. Although the rotation of the USB stick does provide enough room for those tight USB ports we all know about, the ability to quickly and easily disconnect the flash memory all together is definitely a bonus…and Swissbit knows this as it's a patented technology.

The USB Victorinox comes with the classic tools needed for everyday use. The tools include scissors, filing blade with screwdriver head, 30mm knife, ball-point pen, red LED light, keychain loop and of course the USB flash memory stick. Swissbit does offer a non-tool version for airplane flight but this review doesn't cover that model. The product is 60mm x 18mm x 19mm and weighs about 1.35 ounces.

Though the Victorinox requires no drivers for the MAC or PC it does come preloaded with software. The Swissbit data SecureLOCK allows you to encrypt and decrypt files and folders. The first time you use SecureLOCK it will walk you through a username and password setup along with a reminder question in case you forget. Once there, the SecureLOCK provides you the flexibility to encrypt the entire drive, or create partitions where they are "public" or "private" areas. SecureLOCK also includes formatting software to clean up everything but the encryption utility region (software takes 488kb of memory out of a 2MB partition), a bootable disk feature and repair utility to check for bad blocks.

We did run into a small glitch, if the SecureLOCK icon in the desktop tray is closed it prevents the drive from being ejected. Signing back in and logging off didn't do the trick, but rather loggin in and using the Exit button of the software did.

Performance wise, the USB Victorinox is middle of the road. In our informal tests of the 2GB version, it took about 6 minutes to write a 400MB folder of mixed file types from our PC to the device. It took about 35 seconds to read the same data back to our PC, but of course results will vary depending on the system running the device and the types of files being transferred.

All in all, the SWISS MEMORY USB Victorinox is a good deal for the price. It comes packed with the traditional tools we love about Swiss Army along with a wide range of flash memory sizes to match a users' needs. The SecureLOCK encryption software is a plus and the read/write performance of SWISS MEMORY is right on par with other products available.

Review by: G Mo
April 6, 2006
GetUSB.info is a USB News and Information website permalink: http://getusb.info/?p=129

G Mo runs the GetUSB.info website which is a USB News and information website focused on products, gadgets and developments using the USB (Universal Serial Bus) technology.

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Cd Copiers

Writen by Kent Pinkerton

CD copiers or CD duplicators copy the contents of one CD into another CD or CDs. Copiers can work in conjunction with computers, or they may be standalone. Standalone copiers work independently without the assistance of a computer. CD copiers can be used to copy all types of CDs - CD-ROMs, DVDs, video as well as audio.

Contents of an original CD, called the master CD are copied onto blank CDs. A CD copier can copy contents onto several blank CDs at the same time. Earlier models required a someone to keep changing the CDs as each got copied; but newer copiers are automated. These can take CDs one after the other.

CD copiers may be CD-writable (CD-R) or CD-rewritable (CD-RW). In CD-Rs, a laser recorder copies data onto the blank by selectively burning an organic dye on the CD surface. This process is also called burning and it is a permanent and irreversible process. CDs copied by a CD-R can be used only once. But in CD-RWs, a laser recorder melts an alloy on the surface of the CD in selective degrees. This is a reversible process and these CDs can be used for a thousand rewrites.

CD copiers may be manual, integrated and networked. Manual CD copiers require the operator to physically open the copier and reload the CDs. They are slow, and can copy only one to 9 CDs at a time. Their speeds can range from 8 times to 52 times. Integrated CD copiers have a USB drive, which can be connected to the USB port of a computer. This can speed up the copying process.

Automatic CD copiers are also called standalones. They have a robot arm which can load and unload CDs. Standalone CD copiers are actually a combination of many CD copiers, as many as 16. Thus, a large number of CDs can be copied at a time-from 100 to 1000. CDs that cannot be copied are automatically rejected at the end of the process.

CD copiers are often used by companies to make CDs of their presentations or seminars. Music and movie companies also use copiers to manufacture CDs in bulk.

CD Copiers provides detailed information about CD copiers, CD DVD copiers, CD copier software, CD copier downloads and more. CD Copiers is the sister site of DVR Cards.

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Flat Panel Monitors The Pros And Cons

Writen by Ellis Pullman

Seems like the market for cathode ray tube monitors is dwindling with each generation of technology shifts and market place preference changes. There are still individuals who prefer to use cathode ray tubes for one reason or another, and the following list of pros and cons should illuminate the differences, both good and bad between the two generations of monitors.

The biggest single pro of flat panel monitors is that they offer more viewing area while taking up less space. Another big advantage is that they normally provide great clarity and can be used out of the box without too much configuration.

OK so here comes some of the cons. Well truth is it's impossible to list pros and cons that will cut straight down the middle since the monitor market is so vast and there are so many different models and manufacturers out there. But in general customers have said that flat panels lack in certain areas relative to cathode ray tube monitors.

Elements such as the sharpness, color, and also the response of flat panel monitors have been said anecdotally to be less on par than when compared with cathode ray tube monitors. In general, cathode ray tubes are considered better for "work horse" type applications such as if you need to do heavy duty video or digital manipulation and editing.

However remember one size doesn't fit all, so it's in your best interest to find out if you really need to use powerful applications as mentioned above, or you prefer a better quality experience and space saving features that are native to a flat panel monitor. The choice is yours.

Rush onto our website for great stuff on flat panel televisions insider tips before it's too late!

http://www.flatpanelmonitorzone.com

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Printer Ink Cartridges

Writen by Damian Sofsian

As most people say, it easier to choose a printer, but its a little tedious trying to maintain it so try to estimate the cost of maintaining it so that runs efficiently and smoothly. When you find the most effective ink cartridge for your printer, stick with it. Do not try to experiment, as that can lead to some serious damages to your printer. Remember not to sacrifice quality for quantity.

When trying to choose a printer, try to focus on your needs rather on the whimsical features a printer has. Make sure also that in the long run you will be able to find replacement for your ink cartridges easily. Some of the printer manufacturers today sell their products at a relatively low price and make up for the low cost by selling printer consumables. Several ink cartridges can cost as much as a new printer, and purchasing a new ink cartridge for your printer every time it runs out of ink can get a little costly. As already mentioned, try to think of the long-term benefits of buying a particular printer.

If you regularly use your printer, you should try the laser printer. They print quickly and are capable of printing large quantities. These printers are easier to run and maintain. Inkjet printers, on the other hand, produce high quality prints and are often used for a single or a low quantity of prints. They are best used for printing colored items such as photographs and reports.

Always remember these following warnings when trying to purchase a new ink cartridge printer: The damages caused by ink cartridges not specified by your printer's manufacturer cancel your printer's warranty. Refilled ink cartridges often bring in foreign particles to your printer that can cause it to clog. Inkjet cartridges will only work if all cartridges are in place (but will work even if some cartridges are already empty), and, lastly, ink cartridge substitutes, although very inexpensive and affordable, do not assure good quality prints.

Ink Cartridges provides detailed information on Ink Cartridges, Discount Ink Cartridges, Printer Ink Cartridges, Cheap Ink Cartridges and more. Ink Cartridges is affiliated with Printer Ink.

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Attention Printer Cartridge Resellers Your Hp Tester Converter Info Is Right At Your Fingertips

Writen by Joseph Mercado

Your HP remanufacturing ways have just been made easier. The HP tester and converter are ideal for those who are big or small in the remanufacturing industry.

The converter will test the following cartridge models:

•HP 51645A
•HP C6615D
•HP 1823D
•HP 51625A
•HP 51641A
•HP C6578D

This unit is designed to make sure that the cartridges are tested good for remanufacturing purposes. The graphic LCD display will give you a clear indication of the resistor matrix of the cartridge being tested.

The tester automatically determines the cartridge that is being tested at the moment. If the connections to the print head are intact, it will indeed display the cartridge type being tested.

If and where a matrix connection is broken, the display will disclose the faulty connection as a flashing line on the display. The tester will give an audible beep to indicate a successful operation.

A quick succession of beeps alerts the operator to a faulty cartridge conjunction with the quick load or unload fixture giving the capability of very fast test and or conversion times.

The tester also converts the current style of the HP 51645A or HP 51645G into a 15/45 universal cartridge.

Upon pressing the convert button, the unit first checks that a cartridge is functioning electronically, then it changes the identity before the cartridge again and displaying its new identity.

The unit will make an attempt to convert all cartridges but will signal when a cartridge is not of a type that can be converted.

A cartridge that is converted will not be harmed or damaged throughout this process. The tester/converter features a real time clock and includes battery backup storage. This enables it to display the following information:

-Number of cartridges tested and the pass percentage.
-Number of each type tested and the quantity that passed.
-Number of cartridges converted.
-Number of cartridges not recognized due to damage.
-Number of units being tested per hour.

This statistical information is extremely valuable in assessing the quality of cartridges attained from various sources to help support your interest as well as in calculation ratios.

The battery backup will ensure that the information is retained even if the unit is switched off or in the event of a power failure. This by an option in the menu whenever required.

The tester/converter is powered by a small AC adapter that can be supplied in UK, European or US pin configuration.

Below, are some specifications along with special features of the HP Tester/Converter.

*Remember: You cannot convert the 45A into a 15D cartridge, you can only convert the 15D into a 45A.

Specifications:

•Weight = 1.2 kg / 2.5lbs (excluding power adapter)
•Power Requirements = 100 - 240v ac, 50 - 60hz, 4watts

Special Features:

•Tests 15, 45, 23, 25, 41, and 78 cartridges.
•Converts 45 to 15 in less than 1 second.
•Fast cartridge load / unload times.
•Audible indication of pass / fail.
•Small, lightweight, only 1.2kg.
•Clear graphic display showing port status and animated failed ports.
•Real time clock, giving production rates.
•Self-contained, needs no software or PC.

If you're looking for a mechanism that will help determine your cartridge productivity then you should continue to fine tune your research on these type of units. They are circulating around the industry. I honestly believe that machinery such as this were made to do justice when it comes to your hp ink cartridges. Go and increase your product demand and esnure the print quality in which your customer's are just dying to have.

In description of, Joseph Mercado is known as the Motivational Marketer. He specializes in the consumable market involving studies on marketing remanufactured products. http://www.YourHpTesterConverter.com

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Give Your Pc A Monitor Makeover

Writen by Adam Fletcher

Whether you are crunching figures at a front office job or crouched over a blood and gore video game in some deep recess of your room, there is the right kind of screen available to suit your needs.

Monitors are one segment where you are truly spoilt for choice.

Be it a 15-inch, 17-inch or 19-inch CRT monitor* or a sleeker range of LCD screens*, there is a wide range to fit your budget. Hardware Software Articles: http://www.hardwaresoftwarearticles.com/archive/index.php/

*Size and resolution*

There are two aspects you must consider when selecting a monitor: physical size and resolution.

Screen size is the diagonal screen measurement, usually in inches. For instance, a computer monitor display might be 14 inches wide and 11 inches tall. This same screen has a diagonal measurement of 19 inches, which is the screen size.

Monitors also have an aspect ratio.

This is the ratio between the horizontal dimension and the vertical dimension (horizontal dimension divided by vertical dimension). Common monitor aspect ratios are 4:3 (1.3333) and 5:4 (1.25). Basics: http://www.hardwaresoftwarearticles.com/archive/index.php/f-2.html

A 4:3 aspect ratio means the picture is 4 units wide for every three units of height.

Wide screen monitors are easier on the eye (and much more expensive).

The higher the resolution, the greater the ability to render more detail. If you work with graphics or enjoy graphic-intensive games, you will need a monitor with higher resolution.

With most currently available models being flat screened, the difference is in the size and picture quality. A resolution of 1024 x 768 is a good one for most users.

*CRT monitors*

If you've decided to get a new CRT, make sure it has a sufficiently high refresh rate. This refers to how often the screen is redrawn per second. With low refresh rates you can get screen flicker and eyestrain. Virus: http://www.hardwaresoftwarearticles.com/archive/index.php/f-14.html

Aim for a rate of 75 Hz for a monitor up to 17 inches in size and 85 Hz for any larger monitor.

Another consideration for CRTs is dot pitch. The smaller the dot pitch, the sharper the image. Opt for a dot pitch of 0.26 mm or smaller.

CRTs function very well at multiple resolutions, can display detailed graphics and can be viewed comfortably from wider angles.

*LCD screens*

One of the primary disadvantages of LCDs when compared to CRTs is their limited viewing angle. When viewing a LCD straight on, it looks great. But the screen will appear washed-out if you move your head over to the side and look at it from a wider angle.

Also, LCDs are optimised to perform at a single resolution. Low-end LCDs have viewing angles of only 100 degrees, which won't give everyone crowded round your desk a clear view.

For a standard 15-inch LCD, try to get a 140 degree viewing angle. Increase that by 20-40 degrees when shopping for an 18-inch LCD.

The brightness of LCD monitors is an important factor. LCD monitors have several backlights that provide illumination. The backlights in a LCD are good for 10,000 to 50,000 hours of operation. Ensure that the backlights come with at least a one-year warranty. Messenger: http://www.hardwaresoftwarearticles.com/archive/index.php/f-7.html

*Making a choice*

LCD screens generally cause lesser strain to eyes than CRT monitors.

CRTs have better graphics, but they tend to occupy five times as much space.

If you are a gaming freak, then a CRT is a better option as it is best for any graphic interface.

If you want the sleek look, an LCD is meant for you. It is widely used in banks and treasury and trading rooms.

Adam Fletcher is the webmaster of Hardware Software Articles http://www.hardwaresoftwarearticles.com.

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Bluray A Primer

Writen by Kenny Hemphill

Blu-ray is an optical disc format which is set to rival HD-DVDin the race to be the de-facto standard storage medium for HDTV. The HD-DVD vs Blu-ray battle resembles that between Betamax and VHS and DVD+RW and DVD-RW.

Currently, the major Hollywood film studios are split evenly in their support for Blu- ray and HD-DVD, but most of the electronics industry is currently in the blue corner.

The key difference between these new players and recorders and current optical disc technology is that Blu-ray, as its name suggests, uses a blue-violet laser to read and write data rather than a red one. Blue light has a shorter wavelength than red light, and according to the Blu-ray Disc Association (BDA), which is made up of, amongst others, Sony, Philips, Panasonic, and Pioneer, this means that the laser spot can be focussed with greater precision.

Blu-ray discs have a maximum capacity of 25GB and dual-layer discs can hold up to 50GB - enough for four hours of HDTV. Like HD-DVD, Blue laser discs don't require a caddy and the players and recorders will be able to play current DVD discs. Codecs supported by Blu-ray include the H.264 MPEG-4 codec which will form part of Apple's QuickTime 7, and the Windows Media 9 based VC-1.

The BDA says that although blue laser discs and players are already shipping in Japan, they won't ship in the US until the end of 2005 at the very earliest. It is likely that players will be very expensive initially, compared to DVD players. In Japan, they cost the equivalent of $2000. However, as with all new technology, prices will quickly fall - particularly as Blu-ray will be competing with HD-DVD for that space under your TV.

Kenny Hemphill is the editor and publisher of The HDTV Tuner - a guide to the kit, the technology and the programming on HDTV.

Refurbished Laptops 101

Writen by Alison Quinn

Many people want to buy a refurbished laptop in order to save money. There are several companies that conveniently sell used laptops over the Internet. However, regardless of the company one gets his or her laptop from, one should so a bit of research before buying.

There are four major laptop manufacturers. They are IBM, Dell, Hewlett-Packard/Compaq, and Toshiba. Different companies have different components in their laptops. All of these companies sometimes get their components from other distributors. Laptops are usually assembled by different companies other than the company that is selling it. Some of the components made by third party companies are LCD displays, CPU, hard drives, keyboards, and memory.

Having components from other companies can ensure that those components are high quality. However, when refurbishing a laptop, it can make it difficult because the components are not all from a single source. When looking for a refurbished laptop, it is always a good idea to try to find out what is inside the refurbished laptop. Some companies may have a bad product year, and one certainly does not want a bad product inside of his or her laptop.

Another tip for looking for good refurbished laptops is to check the warranty offered by the refurbishing company. Companies that offer great warranties do so because they have faith in their products. Skimpy warranties often mean that the company may not use the best products in order to refurbish laptops. You can also call customer support in order to observe how responsive they are. Companies that take pride in their service and are committed to their customers will have good products.

It is important to decide what the purpose of the laptop will be. If the laptop will be used mainly for word processing and browsing the web, then minimal CPU is needed. Additionally, copious amounts of memory won't be needed for simple computer processes. For Internet access, it again depends on what the purpose of the laptop is. 56k modems come standard in many laptops. Wireless Internet access is constantly increasing across the country. Many laptops come with wireless access standard. For business purposes, wireless access is a great feature. Older laptops may lack Ethernet connections, but with refurbishing, they can be easily added.

The final and most important rule when shopping for a refurbished laptop is to keep price in mind. The more features that a laptop has, the more expensive it will be. If the laptop will be used for graphics programs or video games, then it will probably be much more expensive. Search Google for the best laptop prices, and make sure to inquire about each seller's reputation. Buying a good refurbished laptop at a reasonable price won't be difficult if you do your research.

Alison Quinn recommends UsedLaptops.com for refurbished laptops.

External Laptop Batteries

Writen by Richard Romando

External laptop batteries provide the user with almost seven hours of uninterrupted power. This is a major breakthrough in this field because laptop users had to depend on normal batteries that only worked for two hours. The most important advantage that an external laptop battery offers is that the user does not have to connect his laptop to a power source every couple of hours in order to recharge the conventional battery. Therefore, an external laptop battery is the best solution.

External laptop batteries are very cheap and can be charged by an external battery charger. A laptop user can make a decision about the chemical that is used for manufacturing these batteries such as Nickel Cadmium or NiCd, Nickel metal hydride or NiMH, Lithium ion or Li-ion batteries.

The price of an external battery may vary from $120 to $200 and these batteries are available on the Internet as well as in the regular market. As computers and other related appliances are becoming cheaper, the prices of laptops are also dropping. This means that more and more people are using laptop and for longer periods. These batteries are ideal for those who want an extended power source for their laptops when they are traveling. An external laptop battery connects to a laptop through an AC adapter plug and usually have two output levels. It consists of an adapter, a chord and thirteen other connectors. Another advantage that these batteries provide is that they are universal in nature. This means that an external power battery that is manufactured by a particular company can be used with a laptop of another make and model.

External laptop batteries are revolutionizing the IT world by providing more mobility and extended power for those who want to use the laptop for more than two hours without worrying about power interruptions.

Laptop Battery provides detailed information on Laptop Battery, Laptop Battery Chargers, External Laptop Batteries, Cheap Laptop Batteries and more. Laptop Battery is affiliated with Cheap Cell Phone Batteries.

Usb Headsets A Matching Companion For Your Computer

Writen by John Gibb

Headsets are one of the most important accessories for your Phone or your Mobile Phone besides for other Audio Gadgets. The headset have added more comfort, and freedom when they become wireless. This has completely changed the way in which we have been using the Telephone and Mobile Phone. Our lives are better and we are able to accomplish more by becoming multi task enabled human beings because we are able to do so many things even when we are talking over Phone.

Yet another added feature attached to the Wireless headset is the USB headset, and it can be termed one of the most advanced and luxurious of all as it offers so much comfort to the user. These use the most advanced data transfer method by the use of Universal Serial Bus method, combining the comfort and luxury so far not possible with the ordinary Headsets. These Headsets can give you a totally new online experience as you can use them for any audio related functions on your computer and the Interne. These have been designed for using for longer periods and so there is no question of feeling the strain on your ears. They come with very carefully designed ear pads so that they take all the discomfort of using a headset. These USB wireless Headsets come with a host of features including the external noise cancellation function that cancels all the noise from outside sources making your voice very clear and distinct to the other Party whether they are in the next room or on the opposite side of the globe. These use the latest Audio technology so that the quality of Sound is digital clear and the music is reproduced with highest possible fidelity. They are provided with soft touch controls for both Microphone and Speakers for smooth and easy operation.

The USB headset can only be your answer if you are looking for Luxury in listening, and also want many more features specifically available with the convenience of USB connectivity. The best USB headsets are available for around a price of $40 to $60 and you can get the features like, high frequency, high fidelity. High quality sound, ear pads, etc..

An USB headset can really enhance the quality of time you spend online with your friends and relatives and definitely it adds to the enjoyable online time doing things that were thought impossible even 10 years ago. The USB headset with its crystal clear sound quality and enhanced features coupled with their easy and efficient USB connectivity will no doubt make your listening a pleasure competing with the advanced features that are packed in your Computer.

John Gibb is the owner of headset sources , For more information on headsets check out http://www.Headset-Sources.Info

Choosing The Right Computer System For Your Medical Practice

Writen by Pinky Mcbanon

Most of the physicians I have met are just too afraid to change their existing computer or even to upgrade their existing medical billing software. Their staff is resistant to transition or even learning a new system!

Making a decision on what computer hardware to choose is very critical to your practice and for your compliancy. The good news is, computers nowadays are incredibly affordable! You can now get a complete desktop with monitor with as low as $450.00 Most of these computers are windows-based operating system. Your existing medical billing software will definitely be compatible on any of these Windows operating systems. Your medical billing software vendor might just run few updates and patches for full compatibility with your new computers or server or even on your old computers! The same thing if you are upgrading your billing software. The bottom line is, you are about to make a decision to make your practice productive, efficient and compliant with HIPAA rules and guidelines.

Let's start with, if you are a small practice with 2 computers and 1 printer. Well, having a dedicated server for your billing system is not yet a good option.

(1) Buying a computer running on Windows XP Professional is better than the one that runs on XP Home Edition. XP Professional is really intended for business purposes which runs database and other office applications software.

(2) Share your computer via a switch or a router by networking the two computers. Why share? sharing files and documents is very productive. In other words, you can access files from any of these computers.

(3) Share your printer, connect one printer locally and share it on the network.

If you are a bigger practice with more than 3 computers, 2 printers and at least 5-10 staff (including the providers). Then you are better off to go for a dedicated server or a stand-alone server. What does this mean? ofcourse, can you imagine at least 7 people simultaneously accessing the same medical billing software (setting up appointments, taking information for new patients, billers posting payments and the providers putting in notes on the patients), this will definitely slow down your network if you don't have a stand-alone server.

That server is best to run on Windows Server 2003 (Business Edition) or on Windows 2000 Server (Advance Edition). All these 3-8 computers will share resources by networking them using a switch (or a high-end hub). Printers will also be shared on the network, all users may print from any of the network printers from any of the computers.

Consider the following hardware specifications for your server and workstations:

(1) Processor (I prefer Intel-based processors)

(2) Memory (at least 512MB)

(3) Hard Disk Storage - Server (at least 250GB, this is just my suggestion!)

(4) Hard Disk Storage - Workstations ( at least 40GB)

(5) Tape Back Up (you have to have a daily back up of your files!, internal tape back up is more convenient than external back up drive)

(6) Network Interface Card

How about the warranty? most of the vendors sell warranty up to 3 years or even 5 years for parts and repairs. This will cost you another $150-$300 for warranty. I strongly encourage you to get that extended warranty because you never know.

There you go! I hope this article will help you choose the right computers and server for your practice.

Ms. Mcbanon is an experienced Medical Biller and Coder based in New York. A graduate of Bachelor Science in Computer Engineering. A Medical Practice Billing Consultant. She shares her expertise and knowledge with http://www.medclaimsplus.com She has extensive knowledge and skill in the area of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology, Surgery, Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy, Mental & Behavioral Health, Pediatrics & Internal Medicine. Read more about the author as she share her knowledge and expertise in her field by visiting her personal website at http://www.justmypassion.com

Xeon Chip By Intel Rocks Speed Records

Writen by Lance Winslow

Intel's revenge on AMD maybe the Xeon Chip, which threatens to break speed processing records and leapfrog AMD technology. While AMD was busy starting legal issues against Intel, it was Intel who was busy working on the next technology for the future of the industry.

Is the new Intel Chip indeed all it is cracked up to be? Some say it is all that and more. In fact this dual-core chip for servers will run at 2.80 GHz. A multi-processor version of the chip will be out in two-months and the price will $1,043.00 which competes nicely against anything competing. We are taking an upgraded processor with a faster bus speed, better memory capacity in a new chip set. Can Advanced Micro Devices with it's Opteron processor continue their frontal assault on Intel.

The Xeon Chip will have better performance per watt and this will be important as the push towards smart robotics in manufacturing, transportation and construction continues. Will Intel continue to lead in the Server side of the chip industry or will AMD forge ahead? Most Corporations are still upgrading between three and five years and getting a jump on AMD is a strategically good move for Intel. Think on this.

Lance Winslow

Inkjet Vs Laser Printer

Writen by John Sollars

In the early days there was a vast difference between an inkjet printer and its laser version but with time the difference has narrowed down to point where it is sometimes difficult to differentiate between the two. Most individuals continue to use the Inkjet printers, as they are less expensive and nearly all of them are colour capable. The quality of the inkjet printers has improved over time and now there is not a huge difference in printing quality with the Laser printers. It's for this reason that small or home business can use an inkjet printer without having to worry about documents looking unclear or looking cheap.

The laser printer is capable of printing much faster and usually produces better quality image, it is far more expensive as compared to the Inkjet version. Laser printers are usually used for black printing but there are colour laser printers available now.

Having pointed that out, it is also useful to note that the general rule of the thumb for printers is 'the lesser the cost of the printer, the more expensive the running cost". This could however depend on the volume of printing the printer is being used for. If the printing volume were minimal, it would be more cost effective to use an inkjet printer. It is very easy to get carried away by the initial price of an inkjet printer but people buying them are often not aware that the running cost of the machine would play a huge part and should be factored into the decision making.

This would be better understood with an example. Let us consider a Canon i320 colour bubble jet printer. It usually does not cost more than £30 obviously subject to the discounts applicable at your store. The cost of a cartridge is usually in the £10 range and on an average it prints 170 pages. Even if you print as few as 7 pages a day that works out to 2100 pages over the year. This in turn works out to an annual expense of approximately £135. The amount one spends on cartridges is approximately 4 times the price of the printer in the first year itself. This is the reason the subsequent expenditure needs to be taken into consideration while buying a printer.

Inkjet printers come with some added problems that need to be looked at and taken into consideration.

1.	To begin with they are not as fast as the Laser printers. This is one reason why Inkjet printers are not recommended when printing needs to be done in large volumes.  2.	They are known to throw up cartridge error messages even though the cartridges might be working just fine. This is not to say that Inkjet printers are always problematic but these are just a few errors that do crop up once in a while.  3.	The print can also start going haywire sometimes and it may start printing in endless loops.  4.	It is often difficult to minimize and regulate the amount of ink being used in the Inkjet printers.  5.	There is a difference in quality of an Inkjet print and a laser print. Often the laser print is of better quality.

It is for these reasons that the laser printers sales have taken of in a very big way in spite of being a more expensive buy.

However, in comparison to the laser printers, there are a few positives about the inkjet printers, which are more suitable to the requirements of a small or home business where they do not need to print as many in terms of volumes.

Colour laser printers have been around for some time but they were frightfully expensive a few years ago. A recent study found that last year nearly 1.85 million colour laser printers were sold, a substantial growth from the previous year. A large number of offices are going in for the colour page printers. This is however not recommended if you do not need to print fliers or brochures in large volumes consistently.

There are a few other advantages that come with a laser printer, for example:

1.	Using a duplex unit: This would enable the user to print back to back. This is particularly useful for creating brochures and leaflets.  2.	Add a paper drawer: This would reduce the number of user interventions and in turn reduces the printer errors  3.	Assigning different paper trays for different drafts can be used to print different documents without messing about with the tray each time.  4.	An Ethernet or a wireless network card can be added to the printer to attach it to a network. This functionality can be availed in the laser printer.

This is just to outline the benefits of using each kind of a printer. This is aimed at helping the user to weigh the pros and the cons before buying a printer.

John Sollars is the managing director of Solar Electronics, which are both ink and pc peripheral suppliers based in Shropshire, UK. To access a comprehensive online shop of original and re-manufactured printer inks please visit http://www.stinkyinkshop.co.uk